12. Share-Based Compensation (Details - Share based compensation) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |
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Dec. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
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| Share-based compensation | $ 3,224,652 | $ 2,594,113 |
| Research and Development Expense [Member] | ||
| Share-based compensation | 1,425,995 | 229,964 |
| General and Administrative Expense [Member] | ||
| Share-based compensation | $ 1,798,657 | $ 2,364,149 |
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- Definition Represents the expense recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
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